As a seasoned hunter and outdoor writer with over a decade of experience, I’m frequently asked about the best caliber for bobcat and coyote hunting. It’s a question with a surprisingly complex answer, as the “best” really depends on your specific hunting situation, ethical considerations, and desired outcome – whether that’s fur harvest, meat utilization, or simply responsible predator control. We’ll dive deep into options ranging from the classic .22LR to more powerful cartridges like the 5.56, and everything in between, including considerations for shot placement and fur quality. Understanding the nuances of each caliber is crucial for a successful and humane hunt. We'll also address questions like will a 22lr kill a coyote and explore options for maximizing your success.
Understanding the Challenges of Predator Hunting
Hunting coyotes and bobcats presents unique challenges. They are intelligent, wary animals with keen senses. They often inhabit varied terrain, from open fields to dense woodlands. Furthermore, ethical hunting demands a quick, clean kill. This means choosing a caliber with sufficient energy and accuracy to reliably reach vital organs. Before we get into specific calibers, let’s consider some key factors:
- Range: How far are you typically shooting?
- Terrain: Open country favors longer-range calibers, while thick brush demands shorter, more maneuverable options.
- Fur Value: If you’re hunting for fur, minimizing hide damage is paramount.
- Legal Restrictions: Always check your state’s hunting regulations regarding permissible calibers and ammunition. (National Park Service Hunting Regulations)
Small Caliber Options: .22LR, .17 HMR, and .22 Magnum
These rimfire cartridges are popular choices, particularly for beginners and those prioritizing affordability. But can a 22lr kill a coyote effectively? The answer is…sometimes. A well-placed shot with a .22LR can certainly dispatch a coyote, especially a smaller one, but it requires precise shot placement and isn’t ideal for larger animals or longer ranges. For bobcats, the .22LR is a more viable option, given their smaller size.
.22LR for Fox Hunting and Smaller Predators
The .22LR is excellent for fox hunting and controlling smaller predators. It’s quiet, affordable, and readily available. However, its limited range and energy make it less suitable for coyotes, especially at distances exceeding 100 yards. When considering best 22 lr ammo for coyotes, choose heavier grain bullets for improved penetration and energy transfer.
.17 HMR vs. 204 Ruger: A Step Up in Performance
The .17 HMR (Hornady Magnum Rimfire) offers significantly more velocity and energy than the .22LR, extending its effective range to around 150-200 yards. It’s a good choice for coyotes at closer ranges, but still requires careful shot placement. The 204 Ruger is a centerfire option that delivers even more power and flatter trajectory, making it a more reliable coyote cartridge, but also more expensive.
.22 Magnum: A Solid Rimfire Option
The .22 Magnum (.22 WMR) bridges the gap between the .22LR and .17 HMR. It offers more energy and range than the .22LR, making it a reasonable choice for coyotes, but it still lacks the stopping power of centerfire cartridges. Will a 22 mag kill a coyote? Yes, with proper shot placement, but it’s not the most forgiving option.
Centerfire Calibers: The Powerhouse Options
Centerfire cartridges offer superior performance, range, and stopping power, making them the preferred choice for experienced predator hunters. Let's look at some popular options, including the 350 legend for coyotes and beyond.
9mm: A Versatile Choice
The 9mm is gaining popularity as a coyote hunting cartridge, thanks to its affordability and availability. Will a 9mm kill a coyote? Absolutely, especially with modern expanding bullets. It’s effective at ranges up to 150 yards with proper shot placement. It’s also a good option for self-defense in predator country.
.22 Hornet and .204 Ruger: Flat-Shooting Precision
The .22 Hornet and .204 Ruger are known for their flat trajectories and excellent accuracy. They are ideal for open country hunting where long-range shots are common. The .22 Hornet is a classic cartridge with a long history, while the .204 Ruger is a more modern option offering slightly better performance. The 22 hornet for coyotes is a reliable choice for experienced hunters.
.350 Legend: A Growing Favorite
The .350 Legend is a relatively new cartridge designed for straight-walled rifle regulations in some states. It offers excellent stopping power and is effective at ranges up to 200 yards. The 350 legend for coyotes is becoming increasingly popular, particularly in areas with restrictive hunting laws.
5.56 NATO: Powerful but Requires Careful Consideration
The 5.56 NATO (commonly used in AR-15 rifles) is a powerful cartridge capable of taking down coyotes at extended ranges. However, it’s important to use appropriate ammunition. Lightweight varmint bullets can cause excessive fragmentation and hide damage, especially if you're aiming for a perfect cougar pelt. Heavier bullets with controlled expansion are recommended. The 5.56 for coyote hunting requires responsible ammunition selection.
Shot Placement: The Key to Ethical Harvest
Regardless of the caliber you choose, proper shot placement is paramount. For both coyotes and bobcats, the vital organs are located in the chest cavity. Aim for the heart/lung shot – directly behind the front shoulder. A headshot is also effective, but requires a steady hand and precise aim. (Leave No Trace Principles emphasize responsible hunting practices.)
Bobcat Shot Placement for Taxidermy
If you plan to have your bobcat mounted, where to shoot a bobcat for taxidermy is a critical consideration. Avoid shots that damage the cape (the skin used for mounting), particularly through the shoulders or neck. A clean chest shot is the best option for preserving the hide’s integrity.
Fur Harvesting and Caliber Selection
If you’re hunting for fur, minimizing hide damage is essential to maximize its value. (Barnes Hide and Fur provides valuable information on fur handling and grading.) Smaller calibers like the .22LR and .17 HMR are generally preferred for fur harvesting, as they cause less hide damage. If using a larger caliber, choose ammunition designed for varmint hunting with controlled expansion.
Best Coyote Caliber for Fur
The best coyote caliber for fur is often a .22 Hornet or .204 Ruger, as they offer a good balance of accuracy, range, and minimal hide damage. However, a well-placed shot with a 9mm or .350 Legend using appropriate ammunition can also yield a high-quality pelt.
Final Thoughts and Resources
Choosing the best caliber for bobcat and coyote hunting is a personal decision based on your individual needs and preferences. There’s no single “best” answer. Consider your hunting style, terrain, range, and desired outcome. Prioritize ethical hunting practices and always practice safe gun handling. Remember to check your local regulations and choose ammunition appropriate for the game you’re pursuing. For more in-depth information, I recommend checking out resources from REI Expert Advice and your state’s wildlife agency. Happy hunting!
Disclaimer: Hunting regulations vary by state and are subject to change. Always consult your local wildlife agency for the most up-to-date information.