As a lifelong hunter, shooting sports enthusiast, and collector, I’ve spent years immersed in the world of classic American shotguns. The allure of a well-crafted Ithaca double barrel shotgun models, or any classic side-by-side, isn’t just about the firearm itself; it’s about the history, the craftsmanship, and the connection to a bygone era. This guide will delve into the fascinating world of double barrel shotguns, focusing on Ithaca, L.C. Smith, Parker, and other iconic American manufacturers. We’ll explore their history, common models, potential issues, and resources for collectors. Understanding when were double barrel shotguns invented is crucial to appreciating their evolution, and we’ll touch on that too.
The History of Double Barrel Shotguns: From Flintlock to Modern Classics
The concept of a double-barreled shotgun dates back to the early 19th century, evolving from earlier flintlock designs. While rudimentary versions existed before, the true refinement began with advancements in breechloading technology. The earliest double barrel shotguns were often expensive, hand-made pieces reserved for the wealthy. As manufacturing techniques improved, they became more accessible, gaining popularity for hunting and sporting clays. The American gunmaking industry flourished in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, producing some of the most beautiful and reliable double barrel shotguns the world has ever seen. Understanding this history helps contextualize the value and significance of an old double barrel gun.
Early Innovations and Key Manufacturers
Several manufacturers played pivotal roles in shaping the double barrel shotgun landscape. Parker, L.C. Smith, and Ithaca were among the most prominent. Parker shotguns, known for their exquisite engraving and superior quality, quickly became the choice of discerning sportsmen. L.C. Smith, initially a sub-brand of Hunter Arms Company, eventually became a standalone manufacturer, producing a wide range of shotguns at various price points. Ithaca, with its focus on durability and practicality, carved out its own niche, becoming a favorite among hunters and trappers. The American Gun Company double barrel shotgun parts, while less common today, also represent a significant piece of American firearms history.
Ithaca Double Barrel Shotguns: A Deep Dive
Ithaca’s history with double barrel shotguns is extensive. Beginning in 1883, Ithaca initially built shotguns for other companies before establishing its own brand identity. They produced a diverse range of side-by-side and over-under models, catering to different needs and budgets. The Ithaca Grade system (1-5) is a key identifier for collectors, with higher grades featuring more elaborate engraving and better-quality wood.
Popular Ithaca Models
- Ithaca NID (New Improved Double): A robust and reliable workhorse, popular for hunting.
- Ithaca Grade 1-5 Side-by-Sides: These represent a spectrum of quality and features, with Grade 5 being the most ornate.
- Ithaca Flues: A later design, known for its strong action and modern features.
When evaluating an Ithaca, pay close attention to the condition of the barrels, the action, and the wood. Rust, pitting, and loose joints are common issues to look for. Resources like the Ithaca Gun Owners website can provide valuable information on specific models and serial numbers.
L.C. Smith Shotguns: The "Hunter Arms" Legacy
The story of L.C. Smith is intertwined with that of Hunter Arms Company. L.C. Smith was initially the brand name used by Hunter Arms for their higher-grade shotguns. After Hunter Arms closed in 1945, the L.C. Smith name was acquired and continued to be used on shotguns manufactured by other companies. Finding a genuine, pre-1945 L.C. Smith is highly sought after by collectors. The lc smith shotguns book by Ned Schwing is considered the definitive resource for identifying and valuing these firearms.
Identifying and Valuing L.C. Smith Shotguns
L.C. Smith shotguns are categorized by their grade (1-5) and their specific features. Engraving, wood quality, and barrel length all contribute to the value. The serial number is crucial for determining the year of manufacture and the original configuration. The lc smith shotguns book value can vary significantly depending on the condition, grade, and rarity of the specific model. Be wary of “Franken-guns” – shotguns assembled from parts of different firearms.
Parker Side-by-Side: The Pinnacle of American Gunmaking
Parker shotguns are widely regarded as the finest American-made double barrel shotguns. Known for their exceptional craftsmanship, elegant engraving, and superior shooting characteristics, Parker shotguns command premium prices in the collector market. The Parker side by side represents the height of American gunmaking artistry.
Parker Grades and Key Features
Parker shotguns were offered in a variety of grades, from the utilitarian "Trophy" grade to the opulent "Invincible" grade. Each grade featured different levels of engraving, wood quality, and internal finishing. The Parker action is renowned for its strength and smoothness. However, Parker shotguns are also prone to certain issues, such as cracked breech rings and worn pivot pins. Regular inspection and maintenance are essential.
The Winchester Parker Reproduction Shotgun: A Modern Take on a Classic
In recent years, Winchester has introduced a reproduction of the Parker side-by-side shotgun. These shotguns are manufactured using modern techniques but attempt to replicate the look and feel of the original Parker models. The Winchester Parker reproduction shotgun offers a more affordable entry point into the world of classic double barrel shotguns, but they do not possess the same historical significance or collectibility as original Parker firearms.
Common Problems with Side-by-Side Shotguns & Maintenance
Understanding the problem with side-by-side shotguns is crucial for any owner or prospective buyer. Here are some common issues:
- Loose Joints: Wear and tear can cause the hinge pins and other joints to loosen, affecting the gun’s accuracy and safety.
- Rust and Pitting: Exposure to moisture can lead to rust and pitting, especially on the barrels and action.
- Cracked Breech Rings: A serious issue that can render the gun unsafe to shoot.
- Worn Springs: Springs can lose their tension over time, affecting the gun’s functionality.
Regular cleaning, lubrication, and inspection are essential for maintaining a side-by-side shotgun. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners. If you are not comfortable performing repairs yourself, consult a qualified gunsmith.
Resources for Collectors
Here are some valuable resources for collectors of double barrel shotguns:
- National Park Service (for historical context and firearm regulations)
- Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics (responsible shooting practices)
- USDA Forest Service (shooting regulations on public lands)
- REI Expert Advice (gun safety and maintenance)
- GunBroker.com (for researching prices and availability)
- Shotgun News (magazine with articles and classifieds)
- Online forums dedicated to specific shotgun manufacturers (e.g., Ithaca Gun Owners)
Final Thoughts on Ithaca and Classic Double Barrel Shotguns
Collecting Ithaca double barrel shotgun models, or any classic side-by-side, is a rewarding hobby that connects you to a rich history of American craftsmanship. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or just starting out, remember to do your research, inspect firearms carefully, and prioritize safety. These shotguns are not just tools; they are works of art that deserve to be preserved and appreciated for generations to come. Consider joining a local shooting club or attending a gun show to learn more and connect with other enthusiasts. And remember, responsible gun ownership is paramount.